Perlindungaan Hukum Bagi Muslim Uighur Terhadap Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Pelanggaran hak asasi manusia (HAM) yang sistematis terhadap Muslim Uighur di Xinjiang, China, telah menjadi isu global yang mengkhawatirkan. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi dimensi perlindungan hukum humaniter yang dibutuhkan untuk mengatasi krisis kemanusiaan ini. Dengan mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk pelanggaran seperti penahanan massal, pembatasan kebebasan beragama, dan pengawasan berlebihan, penelitian ini menganalisis kebijakan represif pemerintah China yang bertentangan dengan instrumen hukum internasional. Dampak nyata dari pelanggaran ini terhadap kehidupan Muslim Uighur juga disorot, mulai dari kesehatan fisik hingga disintegrasi masyarakat. Selanjutnya, evaluasi kerangka hukum nasional dan internasional mengungkapkan kesenjangan dalam perlindungan efektif, menekankan perlunya reformasi dan penguatan kerjasama global. Upaya penegakan hukum humaniter dan advokasi HAM dibahas secara komprehensif, mencakup langkah-langkah dari komunitas internasional, organisasi HAM, dan masyarakat sipil. Artikel ini menyoroti urgensi untuk mengakhiri pelanggaran HAM, memastikan perlindungan hukum yang memadai, dan memulihkan martabat serta hak-hak dasar Muslim Uighur sebagai kelompok minoritas.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Anand, Amit. “Repression of Uyghur Muslims and the Freedom of Religious Beliefs in China.” Journal of Social Inclusion Studies 8, no. 1 (2022): 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/23944811221085680.
Arianta, Ketut, Dewa Gede Sudika Mangku, and Ni Putu Rai Yuliartini. “Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Kaum Etnis Rohingya Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia Internasional.” Journal Komunitas Yustitia Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Jurusan Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 2 (2020): 166–76.
Aulya, Layla Putri, Ridwan Arifin, and Robert Brian Smith. “The Urgency of the International Criminal Court’s (ICC) Jurisdiction in Handling Serious Violations of Human Rights Case of the Uyghur.” The Digest: Journal of Jurisprudence and Legisprudence 4, no. 1 (2023): 95–122. https://doi.org/10.15294/digest.v4i1.75052.
Concepcion, Natasha Parassram. “Human Rights Violations Against Muslims in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of Western China.” Human Rights Brief 8, no. 1 (2000): 19–21.
Datau, M. Fajrul Muharram DJ. “Penegakan Hukum Internasional Atas Pelanggaran Ham Berat Ham Berat China Terhadap Muslim Uighur,” no. January (2022): 15–18.
Itasari, Endah Rantau. “Legal Protection Of Uighur Muslim Ethnics In China.” Lamlaj 6, no. 1 (2021): 26–40.
Montalvo, Luz Elena Rangel. “Peranan Hukum Humaniter Dalam Masyarakat Internasional.” Lex Et Societatis 13, no. 1 (2015): 171–75.
Mooney, Megan. “Our Collective Failure: Why the International Community Has Not Intervened to Protect China’s Uighur Muslims.” International Research and Review 11, no. 1 (2021): 45–64. https://proxycu.wrlc.org/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/our-collective-failure-why-international/docview/2859213129/se-2?accountid=9940%0Ahttps://wrlc-cu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?query=any,contains,Our+Collective+Fai.
Oktariawan, Ketut Agus. “Kewenangan Mahkamah Pidana Internasional Dalam Penyelesaian Kasus Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Menurut Hukum Humaniter Internasional.” E-Journal Komunitas Yustisia Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha 4, no. November (2021): 874–83.
Rahmadani, Desi, and Irene Svinarky. “Kewenangan PBB Dalam Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Menurut Hukum Humaniter International.” JUSTITIA Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Humaniora 6, no. 1 (2023): 117. https://doi.org/10.31604/justitia.v6i1.117-126.
Rampen, Yesaya Andries, Decky J. Paseki, and Harly Stanly Muaja. “Ratifikasi Perjanjian Internasional Melalui Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Nasional Di Bidang Hak Asasi Manusia.” Lex Privatum 10, no. 4 (2022): 1–15. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/lexprivatum/article/view/42394.
Rengga Kusuma Putra. Hak Asasi Manusia. Vol. 5, 1948.
Rogers, Roy Anthony. “The Radicalisation of Xinjiang: Its Roots and Impact on Human Rights.” Contemporary Chinese Political Economy and Strategic Relations: An International 4, no. 2 (2018): 487–512.
Saragih, Muhammad Fajrin, Sulaiman Hamid, and Makdin Munthe. “Tinjauan Yuridis Pelanggaran HAM Terhadap Muslim Uighur Di China Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter.” Sumatra Journal of International Law 4, no. 2 (2016): 1–28.
Shalihah, Fithriatus, and Muhammad Raka Fiqri. “Overview of Human Rights Violations Against Rohingya Ethnicity in Burma and Uighur Tribe in China in International Law Perspectives.” International Conference on Law Reform 121, no. Inclar 2019 (2020): 48–53. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200226.010.
Shalihah, Fithriatus, Muhammad Raka Fiqri, and Mohd. Arief. “Violation of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 for Crimes Against Humanity in Myanmar and China.” Jurnal Selat 8, no. 2 (2021): 200–217. https://doi.org/10.31629/selat.v8i2.3831.
Stern, J. “Genocide in China: Uighur Re-Education Camps and International Response.” Immigration and Human Rights Law Review 3, no. 1 (2021): 15–17. https://scholarship.law.uc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1073&context=ihrlr.
Towadi, Mellisa, Nur Mohamad Kasim, Rumawi, and Siti Asifa Tahir. “An Indication of China’s Policy towards Uighurs and Its Implications by International Law Aspects.” Jambura Law Review 3, no. 1 (2021): 55–71. https://doi.org/10.33756/jlr.v3i1.7730.
Watowai, Yohanes Soga, Jeffry A Ch Likadja, and Elisabeth N S B Tukan. “Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Konflik Etnis Uighur Dan Pemerintah China.” Jho Jurnal Hukum Online(Jho) 1, no. 2 (2023): 488–529. www.jurnalhukumonline.com.
Woo, Tak Ling Terry. “Religion and Politics in the People’s Republic of China: An Appraisal of Continuing Mistrust and Misunderstanding.” Religions 10, no. 5 (2019): 37–30. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10050333.
Zahara, Annisa Siti. “Policy and Legal Protection for Human Rights Vialotions by the Chinese Government Against Ethnic Uighur Muslims.” Jurnal Hukum Saraswati, no. January (2022): 60–70. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357516981.