Efek Mediasi Pengembangan Human Capital Dalam Pengaruh Peran Serikat Pekerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Perusahaan Perkebunan Nusantara
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Abstract
Transformasi organisasi dan tuntutan peningkatan daya saing menjadikan pengembangan kualitas sumber daya manusia serta hubungan industrial sebagai isu strategis bagi perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh peran serikat pekerja terhadap human capital dan kinerja karyawan, serta menguji peran mediasi human capital pada Perusahaan Perkebunan Nusantara. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui survei terhadap 90 karyawan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner berskala Likert lima tingkat dan dianalisis dengan Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) menggunakan SmartPLS. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan melalui bootstrapping dan pengujian mediasi menggunakan specific indirect effect. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peran serikat pekerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap human capital (β=0,443; t=5,686; p<0,001) dan kinerja karyawan (β=0,312; t=3,643; p<0,001). Human capital juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan (β=0,518; t=7,201; p<0,001). Efek tidak langsung peran serikat pekerja terhadap kinerja melalui human capital signifikan (β=0,230; t=4,496; p<0,001; CI 95% [0,146–0,340]). Karena jalur langsung dan tidak langsung signifikan, human capital berperan sebagai mediator parsial. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya kolaborasi serikat pekerja dan manajemen dalam pelatihan, pengembangan kompetensi, serta pembelajaran berkelanjutan.
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