Pola dan Tren Penelitian Spiral of Silence dalam Studi Ilmu Komunikasi: Analisis Bibliometrik Berbasis Scopus
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Abstract
Spiral of Silence tetap menjadi salah satu kerangka teoritis paling berpengaruh dalam memahami opini publik dan perilaku komunikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan pola, struktur, dan evolusi penelitian mengenai Spiral of Silence melalui analisis bibliometrik dengan menggunakan data dari Scopus. Sebanyak 512 publikasi pada periode 2000 hingga 2025 dianalisis menggunakan teknik bibliometrik, termasuk analisis tren publikasi, jaringan co-authorship, analisis sitasi, dan pemetaan co-occurrence kata kunci. Visualisasi dilakukan dengan bantuan VOSviewer untuk mengidentifikasi klaster penelitian utama dan perkembangan tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan jumlah publikasi, khususnya setelah tahun 2015, yang mencerminkan meningkatnya minat akademik seiring dengan perkembangan media digital dan platform jejaring sosial. Amerika Serikat mendominasi lanskap penelitian, meskipun kontribusi dari kawasan Asia dan Eropa terus meningkat. Analisis tematik mengungkap adanya pergeseran dari topik tradisional seperti opini publik dan efek media menuju isu-isu kontemporer, termasuk media sosial, komunikasi daring, self-censorship, dan pengaruh algoritma. Visualisasi jaringan juga menunjukkan bahwa kolaborasi antar peneliti masih bersifat terfragmentasi dengan tingkat integrasi global yang terbatas. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memberikan gambaran komprehensif mengenai struktur intelektual dan evolusi riset Spiral of Silence, sekaligus mengidentifikasi arah penelitian baru serta kesenjangan yang masih ada, khususnya dalam studi lintas budaya dan integrasi interdisipliner. Temuan ini menegaskan relevansi berkelanjutan teori Spiral of Silence dalam menjelaskan dinamika opini di era digital serta menyediakan landasan bagi penelitian selanjutnya dalam bidang studi komunikasi.
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